Dr Mangala Patel, PhD, MSc, BSc(Hons)
Reader
Biography
I graduated in Chemistry (1980, London). I then worked as a research assistant (RAII), in Biomaterials in Relation to Dentistry, at the former London Hospital Medical College (1981). During this period I obtained an MSc (Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 1983, London) and a PhD (University of London) on Heterocyclic methacrylates for dental and clinical applications. Within the same department I became a Post Doc, then a Lecturer, followed by a Senior Lecturer. In 1991 I became a Core Staff member of the IRC in Biomedical Materials (at Queen Mary), and also a Project Co-ordinator of the Drug Delivery Research Programme, in 1994; I still lead the research in this area. I have considerable experience in dental, orthopaedic related and drug delivery polymers. My research has resulted in four patents, two novel materials, which have been granted Clinical Trials Exemption Certificates and a number of successful grants. My research interests include the development and characterisation of novel polymeric drug delivery systems for use in intra-oral and other clinical applications, involving topical and systemic delivery of therapeutic agents, and the analysis of water absorption and diffusion processes associated with drug release. The latter two are central to the clinical performance of the systems. My work, on a number of multidisciplinary projects, involves strong inter-university collaborations, both nationally (eg Cambridge, Surrey, Manchester, Brighton Universities) and internationally (eg Queensland and Halle/ Wittenberg Universities), and industrial support from companies. I was an invited Lecturer, for example, in Australia, Sweden, and several other places in the UK. I am a Prosthodontic Module Co-Convenor for the BDS course (appointed in 1999) and a Senior Tutor for 1st year Dentistry (appointed in 2001). I teach Dental Materials Science and Biomaterials to undergraduate dental students, BEng, Intercalated BSc, MSc/MEng and MClinDent students, and I also supervise (supervised) a number of PhD, MSc/MClinDent and BEng projects; also PhD and other examinerships for Queensland (Australia), Cambridge and London Universities.
Publications:
Key Publications
Patel, M.P., Braden, M. and Davy, K.W.M., Polymerisation shrinkage of methacrylate esters, Biomaterials, 8, 53-56, (1987).
Patel, M.P. and Braden, M., Heterocyclic methacrylates for clinical applications I. Mechanical properties, Biomaterials, 12, 645-648, (1991).
Patel, M. P., Braden, M. and Downes, S., Heterocyclic methacrylate-based drug release polymer system. J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med., 5, 338-339, (1993).
Downes, S., Archer, R. S., Kayser, M. V., Patel, M. P. and Braden, M. The regeneration of articular cartilage using a new polymer system. J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med., 5, 88-95, (1994).
Downes, S., Patel, M. P., Di Silvio, L., Swai, S., Davy, K. W. M. and Braden, M. Modifications of the hydrophilicity of heterocyclic methacrylate co-polymers for protein release. Biomaterials, 16 (18), 1417-21, (1995).
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Sawtell, R. M., Downes, S., Clarke, R. L., Braden, M. and Patel, M. P. Heterocyclic methacrylates for clinical applications: Further studies of water sorption behaviour. J. Mater. Sci., Mater. Med., 8, 667-674, (1997).
Riggs, P.D., Clough, A.S., Jenneson, P.M., Braden, M. and Patel, M.P. 3He ion-beam analysis of water uptake and drug delivery. Journal of Controlled Release, 61, 165-174, (1999).
Riggs, P.D., Kinchesh, P., Braden, M. and Patel, M.P. Nuclear magnetic imaging of an osmotic water uptake and delivery process. Biomaterials 22, (No 5), 419-427, (2001).
Patel, M. P., Pearson, G. J., Braden, M. and Mirza, M. A. Fluoride ion release from two methacrylate polymer systems. Biomaterials, 19, 1911-1917, (1998).
Patel, M.P., Cruchley, A.T., Coleman, D.C., Swai, H., Braden, M. and Williams, D.M. A polymeric system for the intra-oral delivery of an antifungal agent. Biomaterials, 22(17), 2319-2324, (2001).
Publications since 2001
Patel, M.P., Cruchley, A.T., Coleman, D.C., Swai, H., Braden, M. and Williams, D.M. A polymeric system for the intra-oral delivery of an antifungal agent. Biomaterials, 22(17), 2319-2324, (2001).
Riggs, P.D., Kinchesh, P., Braden, M. and Patel, M.P. Nuclear magnetic imaging of an osmotic water uptake and delivery process. Biomaterials 22, (No 5), 419-427, (2001).
Patel. M.P., Johnstone, M.B., Hughes, F.J. and Braden, M. The effect of two hydrophilic monomers on the water uptake of a heterocyclic methacrylate system. Biomaterials, 22, 81-86, (2001).
Nazhat, S.N., Parker, S., Patel, M.P. and Braden, M. Isoprene-styrene copolymer elastomer and terahydrofurfuryl methacrylate mixtures for soft prosthetic applications. Biomaterials, 22(17), 2411-2416, (2001).
Patel, M.P., Pavlovic, P., Hughes, F.J., King, G.N., Cruchley, A. and Braden, M. Release of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 from heterocyclic methacrylate polymer systems. 22: 2081-2086, (2001).
Scott G, Patel M, Braden M. Use of prepolymerised cement spacers to augment the femoral component in revision total knee arthroplasty. Journal of Arthroplasty 18: 769-774, (2003)
Chowdhury MA, Hill DJT, Whittaker AK, Braden M, Patel MP. NMR Imaging of water diffusion at 310K into semi -IPN's of PEM and Poly(HEMA-c- THFM) with and without chlorhexidine diacetate. Biomacromolecules 5: 1405-1411, (2004)
Chowdbury M, Hill DJT, Whittaker AK, Braden M, Patel M. NMR imaging of water diffusion into PEMP/P(HEMA-co-THFMA) semi-IPN Matrices. Polymer Preprints 45: 517 (2004)
Rahman FF, Bonfield W, Cameron RE, Patel MP, Braden M, Pearson GJ, Tavakoli S.M Water uptake of poly(ethyl methacrylate) tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate polymer systems modified with tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. Bioceramics 16: 513-516; (Key Engineering Materials 254-256), (2004).
Forrester-Baker L, Seymour KG, Samarawickrama D, Zou L, Patel M. A comparison of
dimensional accuracy between three different addition cured silicone impression materials.
Eur. J. Prosthodont. Res. Dent., 13:No2, 69-74 (2005)
Braden M, Latham D, Patel MP. Observations on the swelling of cross-linked poly(dimethyl siloxane) networks by solvents. European Polymer Journal 41: 3069-3071 (2005)
Nallamuthu, N, Braden M, Patel MP. Dimensional changes of alginate dental impression materials. J.Mater.Sci: Mater Med.17: 1205-1210 (2006)
Anderson P, Ahmed Y, Patel MP, Davis GR, Braden M. X-ray microtomographic studies of novel radio-opaque polymeric materials for dental applications. Materials Science and Technology 22: 1094-1097. (2006)
Darr JA, Gong K, Braden M, Patel MP, Rehman IU, Zhang D. Controlled release of chlorhexidine diacetate from a porous methacrylate system: supercritical fluid assisted foaming and impregnation. J.Pharm.Sci 96: (2007)
Patents
Pearson, G.J., Williams, J., Todhunter, R., Clements, D., Patel, M.P. and Braden, M. Polymerisable resin compositions for use in dentistry. European Patent Application 14.1.2001.
Research interests:
My research interests have centred on polymeric materials and their use in clinical dentistry and orthopaedics.
I was appointed in 1981 as an RAII to investigate novel room temperature polymerising methacrylate polymers for ear mould materials, with a view to production on hospital premises. Early in the investigation, it was found empirically that a system, poly(ethyl methacrylate)/ tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (PEM/THFM), gave devices with a much better fit. This work was patented, and a detailed study of the polymerisation shrinkage of methacrylate esters followed, which established a simple relationship between polymerisation shrinkage and molar volume of the methacrylate monomer (1). Subsequently, an overall study was made of the physical properties of the PEM/THFM system, beginning with (2).
Collaborative work with Professor Downes, at the Institute of Orthopaedics, found that the PEM/THFM system was more efficient at delivering drugs, such as gentamicin, than methyl methacrylate and related systems (3), during a study on various room temperature polymerising methacrylate systems for potential use in orthopaedic surgery. More importantly, subsequent animal studies showed that the PEM/THFM system was not only biocompatible in bone, but it supported bone and cartilage regeneration (4). This application was patented, and subsequently given an MCA Clinical Trials Exemption Certificate. Further work with the system involved protein release from the PEM/THFM system (5), an area studied later in a dental context.
Because the various unique properties of the PEM/THFM system were ascribed to its unusual water uptake properties, detailed studies of this area were initiated (6). Water absorption studies usually involve simple mass transport measurements, and application of appropriate diffusion theory. Mechanisms are only inferred. A collaborative study with the Nuclear Physics group, at the University of Surrey, enabled the water uptake and drug release processes to be monitored spatially within the polymer matrix as a function of real time (7). Similar studies were carried out using NMR imaging (8).
Work on potential dental applications with the PEM/THFM system was continued with studies on fluoride release (9) and the release of chlorhexidine diacetate (10). The latter resulted in the award of a Clinical Trials Exemption Certification. Additional work has been carried out on modifications of this system and on silicone polymers with respect to drug delivery. Further work carried out on alginate materials resulted in the award of an EPSRC Faraday grant. Also, exploratory studies have demonstrated the feasibility of producing a self-disinfecting (anti-viral) alginate impression material.