Professor Alan Boyde, Professor of Mineralised Tissue Biology

PhD, BDS, LDSRCS, MDhc

contact details

Biography

The London Hospital Medical College BDS 1958 Dental Surgery
The London Hospital Medical College LDSRCS 1959 Dental Surgery
The London Hospital Medical College PhD 1964 Anatomy
1959-1963   Demonstrator, Dept of Anatomy, The London Hospital Medical College
1963-1967   Lecturer, Dept of Anatomy, The London Hospital Medical College
1966-1967   Senior Lecturer, Dept of Anatomy, The London Hospital Medical College
1967-1980   Reader, Dept of Anatomy and Embryology, University College London
1980-2003   Professor, Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London
2003-present   Professor of Mineralised Tissue Biology,  Dental Physical Sciences, Oral Growth and Development, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London.

Awards and honours

• Thomas Henry Huxley award of the Zoological Society of London for the best UK PhD thesis in Zoology, 1964.
• The Sir Frank Collyer Award of the Royal Society of Medicine for the best dental research by a graduate of not more than 7 years, 1965.
• The Grand Prix d'ORCA (European Caries Research Organisation) for research into the structure and development of dental enamel, 1966.
• The Isaac Schour Memorial Award of the International Association for Dental Research for outstanding distinction as a teacher and scientist in the dental anatomical siences, 1980.
• The Biological Council Medal awarded via The Royal Microscopical Society for contributions to the development of confocal scanning optical microscopy 1986.
• The First Anatomical Society Review Lecture, 1986.
• Medal of the Brazilian Odontological Association, 1987.
• The Sir John Tomes Medal of The Royal College of Surgeons of England for work on the structure and development of the dental tissues, 1988.
• The Basic Research in Biological Mineralisation Award of the International Association for Dental Research 1989.
• The Robert Hooke Award of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 1991, for  contributions to the development of confocal microscopy.
• Medal of the Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris, for contributions to knowledge of dental tissues, 1996.
• Doctor Honoris Causae in Medicine, Charles University of Prague for contributions to scientific microscopy,  1996.
• Wellcome Trust Biomedical Imaging Award for  Excellence 1998 & 2002.
• Elected President of The Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 2002-2004.
• Elected Honorary Member of Bone and Tooth Society (now the Bone Research Society), 2002.
• Novartis / Daily Telegraph Visions of Science Award, 2002
• Abbe Lecturer, Royal Microscopical Society,  2003.
• Evelyn Sprawson Lecturer, Remedial hard tissue histology, London Hospital Dental Club 2008.
• Bone Research Society, First Charles Dent Memorial Lecturer 2009, Denting the image of  bone.
• Geoffrey Slack Medal, Bart's and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry 2011.

Publications:

Book chapters

Dental Histology and Clinical Applications

Boyde A (1963) The teeth of the skeletal remains of a child from Dinas Powys. In: Dinas Powys: Alcock LJ (Ed) University of Wales Press.

Boyde A (1964) The structure of developing mammalian dental enamel. In: Tooth Enamel pp163-167 & 192-194: Stack MV, Fearnhead RW (Eds) Wright, Bristol.

Boyde A (1965) The development of enamel structure in mammals. In: Calcified Tissues: Blackwood HJH, Owen M (Eds), Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp276-280.

Boyde A (1968) Dental histology of the ziphioid whales: a new calcified tissue (vasocementum). In: Les Tissues Calcifies pp383-386: Milhaud G, Owen M, Blackwood HJJ (Eds) Paris, Societe d'edition d'enseignement superieur.

Lester KS, Boyde A (1968) The surface morphology of some crystalline components of dentine. In: Dentine and Pulp pp197-219: Symons NBB (Ed) Livingstone, Edinburgh, Dundee.

Boyde A (1971) Comparative histology of mammalian teeth. In: Dental Morphology and Evolution,  Chapt 7, pp81-94: Dahlberg AA (Ed) Univ of Chicago Press.

Boyde A (1971) The Tooth Surface. In: The Prevention of Periodontal Disease, pp46-63: Eastoe JE, Picton DCA, Alexander AG (Eds), Henry Kimpton, London.

Boyde A (1971) Scanning electron microscopy of the completed enamel surface.  In: Tooth Enamel II, pp39-42: Fearnhead RW, Stack MV (Eds) Wright, Bristol.

Boyde A (1976) Amelogenesis and the structure of enamel. In: Scientific Foundations of Dentistry, Cohen B & Kramer IRH (Eds) pp335-352; William Heinemann Medical Books, London.

Boyde A (1978) Development of the structure of the enamel of the incisor teeth in the three classical subordinal groups of the rodentia. In: Butler PM, Joysey KA (Eds), Development, function and evolution of teeth, chapt 4, pp43-58,  Academic Press, London.

Boyde A (1980) Histological studies of dental tissues of odontocetes. In: Age determination of toothed whales and sirenians, Sci Rep Int Whaling Commission (Cambridge) Spec Issue 3:65-87.

Boyde A, Martin L (1984) The microstructure of primate dental enamel. In: Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates, pp341-367: Chivers DJ, Wood BA, Bilsborough A (Eds), Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York.

Boyde A, Martin L (1984) A non-destructive survey of prism packing patterns in primate enamels. In: Tooth Enamel IV, pp417-421: Fearnhead RW, Suga S (Eds) Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Boyde A, Lester KS (1984) Further SEM studies of marsupial enamel. In: Tooth Enamel I, pp442-446: Fearnhead RW, Suga S (Eds) Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Martin L, Boyde A (1984) Rates of enamel formation in relation to enamel thickness in hominoid primates. In: Tooth Enamel IV, pp447-451, Fearnhead RW, Suga S (Eds) Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Boyde A (1985) Anatomical considerations relating to tooth preparation. In: Resin Based Posterior Materials,  pp377-403: Smith D, Vanherle G (Eds) 3M Co., Minneapolis.

Jones SJ, Boyde A (1987) Dentine mineralization, demineralization & microhardness: recent studies using scanning microscopies. In: Dentine and Dentine Reactions in the Oral Cavity,  pp33-55: A Thylstrup, SA Leach and V Qvist (Eds) IRL Press, Oxford.

Jones SJ, Boyde A (1988) The resorption of dentine and cementum in vivo and in vitro. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption and Root Resorption pp335-354: Z Davidovitch (Ed) Ebsco Media, Birmingham AL.

Boyde A (1989) Enamel. In: Handbook of Microscopic Anatomy Vol V/6, pp309-473: A Oksche and L Vollrath (Eds) Springer Verlag, Berlin.

Boyde A (1990) Enamel. In: The Dentition and Dental Care,  pp30-48: RJ Elderton (Ed) Heinemann, London.

Boyde A (1990) Physical effects of clinical procedures on the hard dental tissues. In: The Dentition and Dental Care, pp325-347: RJ Elderton (Ed) Heinemann, London.

Boyde A (1990) Developmental interpretations of dental microstructure. In: Primate life history and evolution,  pp229-267: C Jean DeRousseau (Ed) Wiley-Liss, New York.

Boyde A (1997) Microstructure of enamel.  In: Dental enamel, pp18-31: (Ciba foundation symposium no. 205) Wiley, Chichester .

Jones  SJ, Boyde A (1999) Chapter 83. Development and Structure of Teeth and Periodontal Tissues. pp455-458 In:  MJ Favus (ed) Primer on the metabolic bone diseases and disorders of metabolism, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia

Boyde A (2008) Enamel Loss from Iatrogenic Demineralization Procedures. pp77-88  In: K.Kawasaki and JG Clement (Eds) Demineralization and Remineralization,  International Tooth Enamel Symposium, Wakaba Publishing Inc.Tokyo ISBN 978-4-89824-043-4.

Bone and Cartilage

Boyde A (1972) Scanning electron microscopic studies of bone. In: The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, 2nd edn, Vol.1, pp259-310 Bourne GH (Ed) Academic Press, New York.

Boyde A, Jones SJ (1972) Scanning electron microscopic studies of the formation of mineralised tissues. In: Developmental Aspects of Oral Biology pp243-273: Slavkin HC, Bavetta LA (Eds) Academic Press, New York.

Jones SJ, Boyde A, Ness AR (1976) SEM studies of osteoblasts: size, size-distribution and anisotropy in relation to hormonal status in organ culture. In: Bone Histomorphometry pp275-290: Meunier PJ (Ed) Armour-Montagu, Paris.

Boyde A (1976) Resolution, sampling and the determination of lacunar size. In: Bone Histomorphometry pp399-412: Meunier PJ (Ed). Armour-Montagu, Paris .

Boyde A, Banes AJ, Mechanic GL (1981) The association of MAV-2(0) virus with the mineralization process in chick bone. In: Matrix Vesicles pp97-102: Ascenzi A, Bonucci E, de Bernard B (Eds) Wichtig Editore srl, Rome.

Jones SJ,  Boyde A (1982) The junction between uncalcified and calcified cartilage. In: Current Advances in Skeletogenesis: development, biomineralisation, mediators and metabolic bone disease,  pp362-367: M.Silberman and HC Slavkin (Eds) Int Cong Ser 589 Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.

Boyde A, Jones SJ, Ashford J (1982) Scanning electron microscope observations and the question of possible osteocytic bone mini-(re-) modelling. In: Current Advances in Skeletogenesis: development, biomineralisation, mediators and metabolic bone disease,  pp305-331: M.Silberman and HC Slavkin (Eds) Int Congr Ser 589 Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.

Boyde A, Jones SJ (1983) Scanning electron microscopy of cartilage. In: Cartilage I: 105-148, Hall BK (Ed), Academic Press, New York.

Portigliatti-Barbos M, Bianco P, Ascenzi A, Boyde A (1985) Relationship between mechanical properties and distribution of lamellae in the human femoral shaft. In: Biomechanics: Current interdisciplinary research, pp173-178: SM Perren, E Schneider (Eds) Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht.

Bell LS, Boyde A, Jones SJ (1991) Backscattered electron imaging of diagenetic changes to teeth and related alveolar bone. In: Archaeological Science 1989: Proceedings of Conference on the Application of Scientific Techniques to Archaeology, Oxbow Monograph No. 9, pp345-351: Budd P, Chapman B, Jackson C, Janaway R & Ottaway B (Eds) Oxbow Books, Oxford.

Boyde A, Howell PGT, Bromage T, Elliott JC, Riggs CM, Bell LS, Kneissel M, Reid SA, Jayasinghe JAP, Jones SJ (1992) Applications of mineral quantitation of bone by histogram analysis of backscattered electron images. In: Chemistry and biology of mineralised tissues,  pp47-60: H Slavkin and P Price (Eds),  Excerpta Medica Int Congr Ser ICS 1002 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.,  Amsterdam

Ascenzi A, Boyde A (1993) Micromechanical aspects of normal and deformed cortical bone. In: Micromovement in Orthopaedics, Oxford Medical Engineering Series 10, pp185-198: AR Turner-Smith (Ed);  Oxford Medical Publication, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1993).

Jones SJ, Piper K Vesely P, Gray C, Boyde A (1994) The significance of the size of an osteoclast.

In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption, Resorption, and Replacement by Implants, pp55-71: Z Davidovitch (Ed) Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston.

Jones SJ, Boyde A (1994) Skeletal connective tissues and Synovial joints, In:  Gray's Anatomy, 38th Ed, pp 443-484: R Soames (Ed) Churchill-Livingstone, Edinburgh. 

Boyde A, Jones SJ (1998) Aspects of anatomy and development of bone. The nm, µm and mm hierarchy. In: Molecular and Cell Biology of Bone, M. Zaidi (Ed), Advances in Organ Biology Vol 5A, pp. 3-44, JAI Press Inc, Greenwich, Connecticut (publishers). ISBN: 0-7623-0390-5

Jones SJ, Boyde A, Gray C (1998) A testing time for osteoblasts: bone growth in vitro. In: Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah (eds), Biological Mechanisms Of Tooth Eruption, Resorption And Replacement By Implants. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston Mass, pp 459-465.

VJ Kingsmill, SJ, Jones, A Boyde (1998) Mineralisation density of aged human mandibular bone. In: Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah (eds), Biological Mechanisms Of Tooth Eruption, Resorption And Replacement By Implants. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston Mass, pp167-171.

Riggs CM, Boyde A (1999) Effect of  exercise on bone density in distal regions of the equine third metacarpal bone.  A study in 2 year old TBs. In: L.B. Jeffcott (ed) Equine Exercise Physiology 5, published by Equine Veterinary Journal Ltd, Newmarket pp 555-560.  ISSN 0425-1644.

Boyde A, Wolfe LA (2001) Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Bone Growth around Endosseous Implants: A Critical Study of Microscopic Methods. Chapter 29 pp 321-331 in Bone Engineering (ed. J.E. Davies), em squared Inc., Toronto, Canada.

Bromage TG, Boyde A (2008) Bone growth remodeling of the early human face. Chap. 17 pp.319-342 In: Enlow DH & Hans MG (eds), Essentials of Facial Growth, Second Edition. Needham Press, Ann Arbor. ISBN 978-1-60461-852-5.

Microscopical Methods and Techniques

Switsur VR, Boyde A (1963) A consideration of some design features of a scanning microanalyser for biological applications. In: X-ray optics and X-ray microanalysis pp495-497: Pattee HH, Cosslett VF, Engstrom A (Eds) Academic Press, New York.

Boyde A, Switsur VR (1963)  Problems associated with the preparation of biological specimens for  microanalysis. In: X-ray microanalysis and X-ray optics pp499-506: Pattee HH, Cosslett VE, Engstrom A (Eds) Academic Press, New York.

Boyde A (1974) Three-dimensional aspects of SEM images. chapter 11 pp277-336, In: Oliver C Wells (Ed), Scanning electron microscopy, McGraw-Hill book company, New York.

Boyde A, Jones SJ (1974) Bone and other hard tissues. In: Principles and techniques of scanning electron microscopy, Vol 2, chapt 10, pp123-149: Hayat MA(Ed); Van Nostrand Reinhold Co, New York.

Boyde A, Maconnachie E (1983) Not quite critical point drying. In: Science of Biological Specimen Preparation, pp71-75 : Revel JP, Barnard T, Haggis GH (Eds) SEM Inc, AMF O'Hare, IL, 1984.

Howell PGT, Boyde A (1984) Three-dimensional analysis of surfaces. In: The Analysis of Organic and Biological Surfaces, pp325-349: Echlin P (Ed), John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York.

Boyde A (1984) Methodology of calcified tissue specimen preparation for scanning electron microscopy. In: Methods of Calcified Tissue Preparation, pp251-307: Dickson GR (Ed), Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Jones SJ, Boyde A (1984) Scanning electron microscopy of tissues in biocompatibility testing. In: Techniques in Biocompatibility Testing I, pp131-148: Williams DF (Ed) CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

Petran M, Hadravsky M, Boyde A, Müller M (1985) Tandem Scanning  Reflected Light Microscopy. In: Science of Biological Specimen Preparation,  pp85-94: M Muller, RP Becker, A Boyde, J Wolosewick (Eds) SEM Inc, AMF O'Hare (Chicago) IL.

Boyde A (1990) Confocal Optical Microscopy. In: Modern Microscopies: Techniques and Applications, pp185-204: PJ Duke and AG Michette (Eds) Plenum, New York.

Boyde A (1990) Direct recording of stereoscopic pairs from the disk scanning confocal light microscopes. In:  The Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, pp163-168: JB Pawley (Ed) Plenum Press, New York.

Petran M, Hadravsky M, Boyde A (1990) Direct view confocal microscopy. In: Confocal Microscopy,  pp245-283: T Wilson (Ed) Academic Press, London.

Elliott JC, Anderson P, Davis GR, Wong FSL, Gao XJ, Dover SD, Boyde A (1992) X-ray microtomographic studies of bones and teeth. In: X-ray Microscopy III (Springer Series in Optical sciences, Vol 67) pp 461-464: A Michette, G Morrison & C Buckley (Eds)  Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Boyde A (1992) Bulk specimen freeze-drying. Module 11:3 pp 11.3.1-11.3.13. Stereoscopic observation. Module 14:12 pp 14:12.1-14:12.5. In: Protocols in Electron Microscopy: AW Robards and AJ Wilson (Eds) Wiley, Chichester.

Boyde A (1993) Real-time direct-view confocal light microscopy. In:  Electronic Light Microscopy: The principles and practice of video-enhanced contrast, digital intensified fluorescence, and confocal scanning light microscopy, pp289-314: D Shotton (Ed) Wiley-Liss, New York.

Boyde A (1993) Aspects of 3-D imaging, display and measurement in light and scanning electron microscopy. In:  X-RAY OPTICS AND MICROANALYSIS 1992: Inst Phys Conf Ser No. 130, pp353-360: Kenway PB et al (Eds) IOP Publishing Ltd, Bristol.

Boyde A (1993) In memory of VE Cosslett: from scanning with electrons to scanning with light in the investigation of mineralised tissues. In: X-RAY OPTICS AND MICROANALYSIS 1992: Inst Phys Conf Ser No. 130, 53-58: Kenway PB et al (Eds)  IOP Publishing Ltd, Bristol.

Boyde A, Wolfe LA, Jones SJ (1994) Microscopic methods of special relevance to the examination of bone and the implant interface. In: Imaging Techniques in Biomaterials, pp143-172: MA Barbosa and A Campilho (Eds) Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Boyde A, Gray C, Jones SJ (1994) Real time confocal microscopy and cell biology. In: Cell Biology: A laboratory Handbook, pp96-101:  JE Celis (Ed) Academic Press, San Diego.

Boyde A (1995) Confocal optical microscopy. In:  Image Analysis in Histology: conventional and confocal microscopy,  pp151-196: Wootton R, Springall DR, Polak JM (Eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge  ISBN 0-521-43482-3(hc).

Boyde A, Jones SJ (1995) Mapping and measuring surfaces using reflection confocal microscopy. In: Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 2nd edition, pp255-266: JB Pawley (Ed) Plenum Press.

Vesely P, Boyde A (1996) Video Rate Confocal Laser Scanning Reflection Microscopy in the Investigation of Normal and Neoplastic Living Cell Dynamics In: The Science of Biological Specimen Preparation for Microscopy, Scanning Microscopy Supplement 10, 201-212  ISSN: 0892-953X  publ. by Scanning Microscopy International, AMF O'Hare (Chicago), IL 60666, USA

Greenberg G, Boyde A (1999) Multiple oblique illumination method of high definition stereo microscopy. pp 1-24. In: Focus on Modern Microscopy, PC Cheng (Ed), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. Singapore-New Jersey-London-Hong Kong ISBN  981-02-3053-2.

Greenberg G, Boyde A (2002) Three-dimensional microscopy. Chapter 3, pp51-76 In: JA Kiernan and I Mason (eds) Microscopy and Histology for Molecular Biologists, Portland Press, London. ISBN 1 85578 141 7

A Boyde (2004) A.D.G. Stewart and an Early Biological Application of the Scanning Electron Microscope. pp. 165-174 In: BC Breton, D McMullan and KCA Smith (eds) Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Vol 113 Sir Charles Oatley and the Scanning Electron Microscope. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam ISBN: 0-12-014775-0.

Bromage TG, Boyde A, Perez-Ochoa A (2004) Nuevas posibilidades en la investigación Palaeantropologica utilizando un microscopio confocal patátil. In: Zona Arqueologócia, Número 4, Miscelánea en homenaje a Emilio Aguirre, Volumen III Palaeoantropologia, Eds E. Baquedano & S. Rubio Jara. Publisher - Museo Arqueológica Regional. City – Alcalá de Henares.  ISBN 84-451-2655-5.

Boyde A (2008) Low kV and video-rate, beam-tilt stereo for viewing live-time experiments in the SEM. Chap. 7 pp. 197-214 and color plates 4-11. In: Schatten H, Pawley JB (eds) Biological Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy, Springer New York.. ISBN 978-0-387-72970-1.

Boyde A (2012 in press)  Scanning Electron Microscopy of Bone, Chap 24 In: MH Helfrich and SH Ralston (eds.), Bone Research Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 816, DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-415-5_24, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Publications 2011 back to 2009

Boyde A, Riggs CM, Bushby AJ, McDermott B, Pinchbeck GL, Clegg PD (2011) Cartilage damage involving extrusion of mineralisable matrix from the articular calcified cartilage and subchondral bone. Eur Cell Mater. 21:470-478.

Ebetino FH, Hogan AM, Sun S, Tsoumpra MK, Duan X, Triffitt JT, Kwaasi AA, Dunford JE, Barnett BL, Oppermann U, Lundy MW, Boyde A, Kashemirov BA, McKenna CE, Russell RG (2011) The relationship between the chemistry and biological activity of the bisphosphonates. Bone 49(1):20-33.

Hu M, Bassett JH, Danks L, Howell PG, Xu K, Spanoudakis E, Kotsianidis I, Boyde A, Williams GR, Horwood N, Roberts IA, Karadimitris A. (2011) Activated invariant NKT cells regulate osteoclast development and function. J Immunol. 186(5):2910-7.

Doube M, Firth EC, Boyde A, Bushby AJ (2010) Combined nanoindentation testing and scanning electron microscopy of bone and articular calcified cartilage in an equine fracture predilection site. Eur Cell Mater. 19:242-51.

Bassett JH, Boyde A, Howell PG, Bassett RH, Galliford TM, Archanco M, Evans H,  Lawson MA, Croucher P, St Germain DL, Galton VA, Williams GR (2010) Optimal bone strength and mineralization requires the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in osteoblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(16):7604-9.

Kingsmill VJ, Boyde A, Davis GR, Howell PG, Rawlinson SC (2010) Changes in bone mineral and matrix in response to a soft diet. J Dent Res. 89(5):510-4.

Eidelman N, Boyde A, Bushby AJ, Howell PG, Sun J, Newbury DE, Miller FW, Robey PG, Rider LG..Microstructure and mineral composition of dystrophic calcification associated with the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (2009) Arthritis Res Ther. 11(5):R159.

Firth EC, Doube M, Boyde A (2009) Changes in mineralised tissue at the site of origin of condylar fracture are present before athletic training in Thoroughbred horses. N Z Vet J. 57(5):278-83.

Rawlinson SC, Boyde A, Davis GR, Howell PG, Hughes FJ, Kingsmill VJ (2009) Ovariectomy vs. hypofunction: their effects on rat mandibular bone. J Dent Res. 88(7):615-20.

Barr ED, Pinchbeck GL, Clegg PD, Boyde A, Riggs CM (2009) Post mortem evaluation of palmar osteochondral disease (traumatic osteochondrosis) of the metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint in Thoroughbred racehorses. Equine Vet J. 2009 41(4):366-71.

Kolman P, Pica A, Carvou N, Boyde A, Cockcroft S, Loesch A, Pizzey A, Simeoni M, Capasso G, Unwin RJ (2009) Insulin uptake across the luminal membrane of the rat proximal tubule in vivo and in vitro. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 296(5):F1227-37.

Bromage TG, Lacruz RS, Hogg R, Goldman HM, McFarlin SC, Warshaw J, Dirks W, Perez-Ochoa A, Smolyar I, Enlow DH, Boyde A (2009) Lamellar bone is an incremental tissue reconciling enamel rhythms, body size, and organismal life history. Calcif Tissue Int. 84(5):388-404.

Bromage TG, Goldman HM, McFarlin SC, Perez Ochoa A, Boyde A (2009) Confocal scanning optical microscopy of a 3-million-year-old Australopithecus afarensis femur. Scanning. 31(1):1-10.

Mishra S, Thomas HF, Fearne JM, Boyde A, Anderson P (2009) Comparison of demineralisation rates in pre- and postnatal enamel and at the neonatal line. Arch Oral Biol. 54 Suppl 1:S101-6.

DeLaurier A, Boyde A, Jackson B, Horton MA, Price JS (2009) Identifying early osteoclastic resorptive lesions in feline teeth: a model for understanding the origin of multiple idiopathic root resorption. J Periodontal Res. 44(2):248-57.

Publications 2001 - 2008

Filippov MN, Rau EI., Sennov RA Boyde A, Howell PGT (2001) Light collection efficiency and light transport in BSE scintillation detectors in scanning electron microscopy. Scanning. 23:305-312.

Gray C, Marie H, Arora M, Tanaka K, Boyde A, Jones SJ, Attwell D (2001) Glutamate does not play a major role in controlling bone growth. J Bone Min Res 16:742-749.

Kingsmill VJ, Boyde A (2001) Collagen fiber orientation affects osteoclastic resorption. J Dent Res. 80:2085-2088.

Kneissel M, Boyde A, Gasser JA (2001) Bone Tissue and its mineralization in aged estrogen-depleted rats after long-term intermittent treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) Analog SDZ PTS 893 or human PTH-(1-34). Bone 28:237-250.

Riminucci M, Collins MT, Corsi A, Boyde A, Murphey MD, Wientroub S, Kuznetsov SA, Cherman N, Robey PG, Bianco P (2001) Gnatho-diaphyseal dysplasia; a syndrome of fibro-osseous lesions of craniognathic bones, bone fragility and long bone bowing. J Bone Mineral Res 16:1710-1718

Suter A, Everts V, Boyde A, Jones SJ, Lullmann-Rauch R, Hartmann D, Hayman AR, Cox TM, Evans MJ, Meister T, von Figura K, Saftig P (2001) Overlapping functions of lysosomal acid phosphatase (LAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Acp5) revealed by doubly deficient mice. Development. 128:4899-4910.

Vesely P, Boyde A (2001) Fast intracellular motion in the living cell by video-rate reflection confocal laser scanning microscopy. J Anat 198:641-649.

Wong K, Boyde A , Howell PGT (2001) A model of temperature transients in dental implants. Biomaterials 22:2795-2797

Wong K, Howell PGT, Boyde A (2001) Temperature effect in the avian osteoclast resorption assay. Bone 29:198-199.

Boyde A (2002) Imaging Bone and its Wound Repair Mechanisms. pp 5-7 in MDMCTE2002 4th International Conference on Multi-dimensional Microscopy & Cell-Tissue Engineering Proceedings, Guang Zhou, China.

Boyde A (2002) Morphological detail of aging bone in human vertebrae. Endocrine 17: 5-14.

Boyde A, Howell PGT (2002) Using a flat bed reflective scanner to generate stereoscopic pair images. Proc roy microsc Soc 37(1): 39-40.

Corsi A, Xu T, Chen X-D, Boyde A, Liang J, Mankani M, Sommer B, Iozzo RV, Eichstetter I, Gehron Robey P, Bianco P, Young MF (2002) Phenotypic effects of biglycan deficiency are linked to collagen fibril abnormalities, are synergized by decorin deficiency, and mimic Ehlers-Danlos-like changes in bone and other connective tissues. J Bone Min Res 17(7):1180-1189

Geoffroy V, Kneissel M, Fournier B, Boyde A, Matthias P (2002) High bone resorption in adult aging transgenic mice overexpressing Cbfa1/Runx2 in cells of the osteoblastic lineage. Molecular and Cellular Biology 22 (17): 6222-6233

Jones SJ, Boyde A, Knight G, Burnstock G (2002) Skeletal changes in hibernating golden hamsters (Mesocricetus aureus). pp 45-46 in MDMCTE2002 4th International Cnference on Multi-dimensional Microscopy & Cell-Tissue Engineering Proceedings, Guang Zhou, China

Davis GR, Dowker SEP, Elliott JC, Anderson P, Wassif HS, Boyde A, Goodship AE, Stock SR, Ignatiev K (2002) Non-destructive 3D structural studies by X-ray microtomography.  In: Huang TC (ed) Advances in X-ray Analysis, Vol 45,  pp485-490. International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania

Boyde A (2003) Improved digital SEM of cancellous bone: scanning direction of detection, through focus for in-focus and sample orientation. J Anat. 202:183-194.

Boyde A (2003) The real response of bone to exercise. J Anat. 203:173-189.

Bromage TG, Goldman HM, McFarlin S, Warshaw J, Boyde A, Riggs CM (2003) Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone. Anatomical Record: The New Anatomist 274B: 157-168.

Burr DB, Miller L, Grynpas M, Li J, Boyde A, Mashiba T, Hirano T, Johnston CC (2003) Tissue mineralization is increased following 1-year treatment with high doses of bisphosphonates in dogs. Bone 33(6):960-969.

Corsi A, Collins MT, Riminucci M, Howell PG, Boyde A, Robey PG, Bianco P (2003) Osteomalacic and hyperparathyroid changes in fibrous dysplasia of bone: core biopsy studies and clinical correlations. J Bone Miner Res. 18(7):1235-1246.

Ferguson VL, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2003) Nanomechanical properties and mineral concentration in articular calcified cartilage and subchondral bone. J Anat. 203:191-202.

Goldman HM, Bromage TG, Boyde A, Thomas CDL, Clement JG (2003) Intrapopulation variation in the mineralization density at the human femoral mid-shaft. J Anat 203(2):243-255.

Howell PGT, Boyde A (2003) Volumes from which calcium and phosphorus X-rays arise in electron probe emission microanalysis of bone: Monte Carlo simulation. Calcif Tissue Int. 72(6):745-749.

Vesely P, Miks A, Novak J, Boyde A (2003) Calibration and quantification of fast intracellular motion (FIM) in living cells using correlation analysis. Scanning 25(5):230-239.

Boyde A (2004) Improved depth of field in the scanning electron microscope derived from through focus image stacks. Scanning 26: 265-269.

Boyde A, Firth EC (2004) Articular calcified cartilage canals in the third metacarpal bone of 2-year-old thoroughbred racehorses. J Anat 205:491-500.

Ferguson VL, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2004) Nanoindentation of bone: comparison of specimens tested in liquid and embedded in polymethylmethacrylate. J Materials Res 19:249-259.

Loveridge N, Power J, Reeve J, Boyde A (2004) Bone mineralization density and femoral neck fragility. Bone 35(4):929-941.

Simeoni M, Boyde A, Shirley DG, Capasso G, Unwin RJ (2004) Application of red laser video-rate scanning confocal microscopy to in vivo assessment of tubular function in the rat: selective action of diuretics on tubular diameter. Exp Physiol.89(2):181-185.

Bembey AK, Koonjul V, Bushby AJ, V.L. Ferguson VL, Boyde A (2005) Contribution of collagen, mineral and water phases to the nanomechanical properties of bone, In Fundamentals of Nanoindentation and Nanotribology III’, Edited by D.F. Bahr, Y-T. Cheng, N. Huber, A.B. Mann, K.J. Wahl, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 844, art. no. R2.7.1-6. pp. 9-14.

Bembey AK, Oyen ML, Ko C-C, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2005) Elastic modulus and mineral density of dentine and enamel in natural caries lesions. In ‘Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Biological Materials’ Edited by:P. Fratzl, W. J. Landis, R. Wang, F. H. Silver, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 874, art. no. L5.15, pp. 125-130.

Boyde A, Firth EC (2005) Musculoskeletal responses of two year old Thoroughbreds to training. 8. Quantitative backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy of the epiphysis of the third metacarpal bone. New Zealand Vet J 53 (2) 123-132. Erratum in N Z Vet J. 2008 Feb; 56(1):49.

Boyde A, Lovicar L, Zamecnik J (2005) Combining confocal and BSE SEM imaging for bone block surfaces. European Cells & Materials 26:33-38.

Bromage TG, Perez-Ochoa A, Boyde A (2005) Portable Confocal Microscopy Reveals Fossil Hominid Microstructure. Microscopy and Analysis Issue 107 5-8.

DeLaurier A, Boyde A, Horton MA, Price JS (2005) A scanning electron microscope study of idiopathic external tooth resorption in the cat. J Periodontol 76(7):1106-1112

Doube M, Firth EC, Boyde A (2005) Registration of confocal scanning laser microscopy and quantitative backscattered electron images for the temporospatial quantification of mineralization density in 18-month old thoroughbred racehorse articular calcified cartilage. Scanning 27(5):219-226.

Ferguson VL, Boyde A, Bushby AJ (2005) Elastic modulus of dental enamel: effect of enamel prism orientation and mineral content, In ' Mechanical Properties of Bioinspired and Biological Materials' Edited by : C. Viney, K. Katti, F-J. Ulm, C. Hellmich, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 841, pp. 75-80

Oyen ML, Ko C-C, Bembey AK, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2005) Nanoindentation and finite element analysis of resin-embedded bone samples as a three-phase composite material. In ‘Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Biological Materials’ Edited by: P. Fratzl, W. J. Landis, R. Wang, F. H. Silver, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 874, art. no. L1.7.1-6, pp. 85-90

A.K.Bembey, M.L. Oyen, A.J. Bushby and A. Boyde (2006) Nanoindentation measurements of bone viscoelasticity as a function of hydration state, In ‘Mechanical Behavior of Biological and Biomimetic Materials’, Edited by A.J. Bushby, V.L. Ferguson, C-C Ko, M.L. Oyen, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 898E, 0898-L07-04.

Bembey AK, Bushby AJ, Boyde A, Ferguson VL, Oyen ML (2006) Hydration effects on the micro-mechanical properties of bone. Journal of Materials Research 21 (8), pp. 1962-1968

Bembey AK, Oyen ML, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2006)Viscoelastic properties of bone as a function of hydration state determined by nanoindentation. Philosophical Magazine 86 (33-35 Spec Issue), pp. 5691-5703

Boyde A (2006) Three dimensional micro-anatomy of bone, with special reference to the mandible. J Oral Biosci (Japan) 48 Suppl 57-59.

DeLaurier A, Boyde A, Horton MA, Price JS (2006) Analysis of the surface characteristics and mineralization status of feline teeth using scanning electron microscopy. J. Anat. 209:655–669.

Yeong KK, Gavriilidis A, Zapf R, Kost H-J, Hessel V, Boyde A (2006) Characterisation Of Liquid Film In A Microstructured Falling Film Reactor Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy. Exper Thermal & Fluid Sci 30:463-472

Boyde A (2006) Jaw bone necrosis and bisphosphonates: microanatomical questions. BoneKey-Osteovision. 3(9):19-23.

Bassett JH, Nordstrom K, Boyde A, Howell PG, Kelly S, Vennstrom B, Williams GR (2007) Thyroid status during skeletal development determines adult bone structure and mineralization. Mol Endocrinol. 2007 21(8):1893-1904.

Bassett JH, O'Shea PJ, Sriskantharajah S, Rabier B, Boyde A, Howell PG, Weiss RE, Roux JP, Malaval L, Clement-Lacroix P, Samarut J, Chassande O, Williams GR. (2007) Thyroid hormone excess rather than thyrotropin deficiency induces osteoporosis in hyperthyroidism. Mol Endocrinol. 21(5):1095-107.

Kingsmill VJ, Gray CM, Moles DR, Boyde A (2007) Cortical vascular canals in human mandible and other bones. J Dent Res. 86:368-372.

Bromage, T.G. & Boyde, A., Perez-Ochoa Real, A. (2007) Portable Automated Confocal Microscope. US Pat. App. No.: 10/960,325, OIL Id. No.: BRO03-01PRO. Granted 2007.

Hough TA, Polweski M, Johnson K, Cheeseman M, Nolan PM, Vizor L, Rastan S, Boyde A, Pritzker K, Hunter AJ, Fisher EMC, Terkeltaub R, Brown SDM (2007) A Novel Mouse Model of Autosomal Semi-Dominant Adult Hypophosphatasia has a Splice Site Mutation in the Tissue Non-specific Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Akp2. J Bone Mineral Res 22:1397-1407.

Doube M, Firth EC, Boyde A (2007) Variations in articular calcified cartilage by site and exercise in the 18-month-old equine distal metacarpal condyle. OsteoArthritis &Cartilage 15:1283-1292.

T F Watson, P Pilecki, R J Cook, A Azzopardi, G Paolinelis, A Banerjee, I Thompson, A Boyde (2008) Operative Dentistry & the Abuse of Dental Hard Tissues: Confocal Microscopical Imaging of Cutting. Operative Dentistry 33:215-224.

Bassett JHD, Williams AJ, Murphy E, Boyde A, Howell PGT, Swinhoe R, Archanco M, Flamant F, Samarut J, Costagliola S, Vassart G, Weiss RE, Refetoff S, Williams GR (2008) A lack of thyroid hormones rather than excess thyrotropin causes abnormal skeletal development in hypothyroidism. Mol Endocrinol 22(2):501-512.

Boyde A, Firth EC (2008) High resolution microscopic survey of third metacarpal articular calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in the juvenile horse: Possible implications in chondro-osseous disease. Microsc Res Tech. 41:477-488.

Oyen ML, Ferguson VL, Bembey AK, Bushby AJ, Boyde A (2008) Composite Bounds on the Elastic Modulus of Bone. J Biomechanics 41:2585-2588.

Ferguson VL, Bushby AJ, Firth EC, Howell PG, Boyde A (2008) Exercise does not affect stiffness and mineralisation of third metacarpal condylar subarticular calcified tissues in 2 year old thoroughbred racehorses. Eur Cell Mater 16:40-46.

Research interests:

Dental and skeletal hard tissue development, structure, function, disease and treatment.

Skeletal tissue responses to hormonal and drug challenges, impact exercise, aging, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, traumatic osteochondrosis, fatigue fracture, dental and skeletal implants,  tumour metastases.

Skeletal changes in genetically modified mice.